Which physical exams and labs should be ordered to monitor adverse effects in clients prescribed second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs)?

When monitoring patients who are prescribed second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs), it is essential to conduct a comprehensive assessment that includes physical exams and laboratory tests, as these medications can lead to significant metabolic and cardiovascular side effects.

Body mass index (BMI) is important to assess because SGAs are associated with weight gain. Tracking BMI can help in identifying clients who may be experiencing excessive weight gain, which is a common adverse effect of these medications.

Fasting plasma glucose is also critical to monitor since SGAs can increase the risk of developing insulin resistance and, subsequently, type 2 diabetes. Regular screening for glucose levels can help catch these metabolic changes early, allowing for timely interventions to manage the risk.

An electrocardiogram (ECG) is relevant as some SGAs can prolong the QT interval, raising the risk of potentially life-threatening arrhythmias. Monitoring heart function through ECG can protect against these cardiovascular risks.

Given that all three components—BMI, fasting plasma glucose, and ECG—play vital roles in monitoring for the potential adverse effects of SGAs, ordering all of the above provides a comprehensive strategy for safeguarding the client’s health and optimizing treatment outcomes. This thorough approach aligns with best practices in psychopharmacology.