Which of the following is NOT considered a movement disorder associated with the basal ganglia?

The choice aligned with the understanding of movement disorders and their association with the basal ganglia is major depressive disorder. This condition is primarily classified as a mood disorder rather than a movement disorder. The basal ganglia, an essential part of the brain involved in movement regulation, is notably implicated in conditions such as Parkinson's disease, Tourette syndrome, and even obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) due to their influence on movement and motor control.

In Parkinson's disease, for example, the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra affects the basal ganglia pathways, leading to characteristic motor symptoms such as tremors, rigidity, and bradykinesia. Tourette syndrome involves motor tics and is also connected to dysfunction in the basal ganglia circuits. Although OCD is primarily an anxiety disorder, it is linked to basal ganglia dysfunctions, particularly in relation to compulsive behaviors that may appear as movement issues.

Therefore, while both obsessive-compulsive disorder and Tourette syndrome can exhibit motor-related elements, they are not categorized strictly as movement disorders. Major depressive disorder, on the other hand, does not exhibit these movement-related symptoms and thus does not involve the basal ganglia in the same way, highlighting its distinction from the other