Which neurotransmitter deficiency is least likely to be associated with mood disorders?

Adenosine is a neuromodulator that plays various roles in cellular metabolism and signaling, but it is not primarily recognized as a neurotransmitter that directly influences mood disorders. The role of adenine in mood regulation is less established compared to serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine.

Serotonin is widely implicated in mood regulation and is known for its effects on feelings of well-being and happiness. Low levels of serotonin are often linked to mood disorders such as depression.

Dopamine is another key neurotransmitter associated with mood disorders, particularly in relation to motivation and reward. Deficits in dopamine signaling can lead to symptoms of depression and anhedonia, making it a significant player in mood-related conditions.

Norepinephrine, involved in the body’s stress response, also has a strong influence on mood. Abnormal norepinephrine levels are linked to depression and other mood disorders, reinforcing its connection to emotional regulation.

Overall, while serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine have clear associations with mood disorders, adenosine lacks the same level of established involvement, making it the least likely neurotransmitter deficiency to be associated with such conditions.