Which drug increases the risk of neonatal abstinence syndrome in newborns when given to pregnant women?

The correct answer to this question is not B; the correct answer is C, Oxycodone. This drug is an opioid, and when administered to pregnant women, it can cross the placenta and affect the fetus. Prolonged exposure to opioids during pregnancy can lead to neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS), a condition where newborns experience withdrawal symptoms after birth due to dependence developed in utero.

Oxycodone has a well-documented profile regarding its potential to lead to NAS when used during pregnancy. Symptoms of NAS can include excessive crying, irritability, developmental delays, and feeding difficulties, which may manifest shortly after delivery, depending on the timing and dosage of the opioid use during pregnancy.

Buprenorphine is actually used as a treatment for opioid dependence and can reduce the risk of NAS when used appropriately under medical supervision, as it can stabilize the mother's addiction and prevent withdrawal symptoms. Naloxone is primarily an opioid antagonist used to reverse opioid overdose and does not contribute to NAS in this context. Fentanyl, while also an opioid with potential for inducing NAS, is less commonly associated with this condition compared to long-acting or full agonists like oxycodone.

Understanding the potential impacts of these medications on pregnancy is crucial for