Which class of medication is known to inhibit the reuptake of serotonin (5-HT)?

The class of medication recognized for its specific action in inhibiting the reuptake of serotonin (5-HT) is the Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs). SSRIs work by blocking the serotonin transporter (SERT), which is responsible for the reabsorption of serotonin from the synaptic cleft back into the presynaptic cell. By inhibiting this reuptake process, SSRIs increase the availability of serotonin in the synapse, thereby enhancing serotonergic transmission. This mechanism is fundamental in the treatment of various mood disorders, particularly major depressive disorder and anxiety disorders.

Other classes of medications, such as SNRIs, have a broader spectrum as they also inhibit the reuptake of norepinephrine alongside serotonin. SARIs function differently by both antagonizing certain serotonin receptors and inhibiting reuptake, while NDRIs primarily focus on dopamine and norepinephrine without a direct influence on serotonin reuptake. Thus, SSRIs are the most targeted agents for increasing serotonin levels specifically, making them the correct choice in this context.