What risk is associated with antipsychotic medications in dementia clients?

Antipsychotic medications, particularly when used in older adults with dementia, are associated with an increased risk of cerebrovascular adverse events, including stroke. This is a significant concern because studies have shown that patients with dementia treated with atypical antipsychotics face a higher incidence of stroke compared to those who are not treated with these medications. The risk may be attributed to factors such as underlying cardiovascular conditions and the effects of these medications on the central nervous system, including alterations in blood flow and potential pro-coagulant effects.

While issues like insomnia, decreased appetite, and potential cognitive function improvements may be relevant to treatment considerations, none carry the acute and serious concern for morbidity and mortality that the risk of stroke does in this vulnerable population. Therefore, recognizing the potential for increased stroke risk is essential for clinicians when considering treatment options for dementia-related behavioral disturbances.