What is the term for physiological and psychological reactions that occur when the use of a substance is stopped abruptly?

The term for the physiological and psychological reactions that occur when the use of a substance is stopped abruptly is "withdrawal." This term encompasses the variety of symptoms that an individual may experience as their body reacts to the absence of a substance that it has become accustomed to. Withdrawal symptoms can vary widely depending on the substance in question and may include anxiety, tremors, nausea, and in severe cases, seizures.

Intoxication refers to the state of being under the influence of a substance, experiencing its effects at a high level, which is distinct from the reactions of withdrawal. Abstinence signifies the state of refraining from substance use but does not imply the physiological responses associated with withdrawal. Craving refers to the strong desire or urge to consume a substance, which may occur during withdrawal but is not synonymous with the withdrawal process itself.

Overall, withdrawal is recognized as a significant component of substance dependence, reflecting the body's adjustment to the absence of the substance and highlighting the challenges associated with cessation.