What brain circuit correlates with feelings of guilt and worthlessness in mood disorders?

The amygdala and prefrontal cortex (PFC) are crucial in processing emotions and regulating behavior, particularly in the context of mood disorders. The amygdala is involved in emotional responses, including fear and pleasure, while the PFC is responsible for higher cognitive functions, including decision-making, emotional regulation, and social behavior.

In individuals experiencing mood disorders, such as depression, dysregulation within this circuit can lead to heightened feelings of guilt and worthlessness. The amygdala may become hyperactive, increasing emotional responses, while the PFC may be underactive, reducing its ability to regulate these emotions effectively. This imbalance contributes to the negative self-perception often described in depressive states.

The other circuits mentioned do not have the same direct correlation with feelings of guilt and worthlessness. The hippocampus is primarily associated with memory, while the cerebellum is more involved in motor control and coordination. The nucleus accumbens and striatum are more related to the reward system and motivational states rather than negative emotional experiences like guilt. Thus, the amygdala and PFC circuit is the most relevant in understanding the emotional aspects of mood disorders, including guilt and worthlessness.